Guide in Using
a Portable Gas Generator

A portable gas generator is a machine that is designed to produce electric power from mechanical energy. Other popular terms for the said device are “generator set”, “genset”, and “alternator.”

Generators are essentially categorized into two designs: standby and portable. A standby generator is hardwired and integrated into an existing electrical line to automatically provide power within seconds from a power interruption. A portable gas generator, on the other hand, is a device that is an ideal for producing temporary power for lighting, refrigerators, pumps, and other important medical equipment. Portability is the essential feature that comes with this type of gas generator.

When shopping for a portable generator, it is important to determine both “constant wattage” and “start-up wattage.” “ Constant wattage” is the amount of electrical energy that a consumer will constantly need to keep selected appliances running. This can be determined by choosing the appliances that must be supported by a generator and adding up the wattage of these appliances. “Start-up wattage,” meanwhile, is the wattage that motor-driven appliances need to regularly cycle or start a compressor.

Sometimes, this wattage is three times the normal wattage. Examples of these appliances are freezers, refrigerators, furnace blowers, and air conditioners. The portable generator to be purchased should exceed both the constant wattage and start-up wattage. Most importantly, the voltage rating of the generator should be compatible with the voltage ratings of the appliances it will be supporting. Voltage is the measure of electric current pressure. In the United States, the standard current is 120 volts single phase. A few large appliances, however, operate at 240 volts like dryers, well pumps, and ranges. These do not operate on a 120-volt generator. Therefore, there should be voltage compatibility between generator and appliance.

When sizing, connecting, and installing a portable generator, it is important to seek assistance from a qualified electrician. You may install one yourself, but you should have an electrical inspector check if the installation meets all applicable safety codes. It is also important to prevent backfeed. This happens when an improperly connected generator feeds electricity back to power lines. Backfeed may result to serious injuries, and even death.

To prevent such from occurring, a transfer switch or direct hookup may be used. A transfer switch is used to close electrical paths between electrical lines and the main electrical panel, and subsequently, opens a new path between the panel and the generator. This is the best protection against backfeed. An alternative to using a transfer switch is to directly plug appliances into the generator. To make this safer, the circuit breakers and main fuses should be turned off.

While portable generators are designed to benefit their users, they can also be deadly when used without caution. Before operating these devices, make sure to carefully read all instructions in the user manual. Moreover, the generators should not be installed within enclosed spaces or buildings, as they produce carbon monoxide, which causes carbon monoxide poisoning. Instead, they should be installed in a dry, outdoor area that is well-ventilated.